International tipping customs reference
The following customs are drawn from widely published travel and hospitality guidance. They represent general norms; local variation exists. Always check current local customs when traveling.
| Country | Restaurant tipping norm | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 15–20% customary | Expected for table service; servers rely on tips for income |
| Canada | 15–20% customary | Similar to US; 15% is the common baseline |
| United Kingdom | 10–12.5% if not included | Many restaurants add a discretionary service charge; check the bill |
| Australia | Rounding up or 10% appreciated | Not expected; more common in upscale restaurants |
| France | Service compris (included) | A 15% service charge is legally required on restaurant bills; additional tip discretionary |
| Germany | Rounding up or 5–10% | Tipping by rounding the bill amount to a convenient figure is common |
| Japan | Not customary | Tipping is generally not practiced and may cause confusion or be declined |
| China (mainland) | Generally not expected | Some tourist-oriented restaurants may expect tips; local custom varies |
| Mexico | 10–15% appreciated | Common in restaurants, especially in tourist areas |
| Brazil | 10% service charge usually included | Check if 'taxa de serviço' is already on the bill |
- In the United States, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) requires employees to report all tip income as taxable income. Employers are required to allocate reported tips to employees if total reported tips are less than 8% of gross sales.
- In the United Kingdom, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) guidance states that tips paid directly to employees are treated as employment income subject to income tax and National Insurance contributions.
- This calculator divides the total (bill + tip) equally among all diners. For unequal splits or separate-item billing, individual amounts would need to be calculated manually.
What is a tip calculator?
A tip calculator applies a user-specified percentage to a pre-tip restaurant bill (or other service bill) to compute the gratuity amount, adds gratuity to the bill to find the total, and divides the total by the number of diners for equal split billing. Tip amounts are typically expressed as a percentage of the pre-tax bill total, though some people calculate the tip on the post-tax subtotal.
Tipping practices vary substantially across cultures and service industries. In countries with tipping cultures such as the United States and Canada, gratuity is expected for table service at restaurants and is a significant portion of server income. In other countries, particularly in East Asia, tipping may be uncommon, unnecessary, or in some contexts considered rude. Travelers benefit from knowing local customs before dining abroad.
How to use this tip calculator
- Enter the bill amount before any tip or service charge.
- Select or enter the tip percentage. Common US restaurant tips range from 15% to 20% for standard service.
- Enter the number of people splitting the bill.
- Read the tip amount, the total bill, and the amount each person owes.
Tip calculation formula
The tip is a straightforward percentage of the bill. The total is bill plus tip. Per-person cost divides the total equally.
よくある質問
How much should I tip at a restaurant?
In the United States, the standard tipping range for restaurant table service is 15–20% of the pre-tax bill. Fifteen percent is common for adequate service, 18% for good service, and 20% or more for excellent service. In Canada, similar norms apply. Tipping customs differ substantially in other countries — in Japan, tipping is not practiced; in France, a service charge is legally included in the bill.
Should I calculate the tip before or after tax?
Most common practice in the United States is to calculate the tip on the pre-tax subtotal. However, some people tip on the post-tax total as a slightly more generous alternative. The difference is small: on a $100 pre-tax bill with 8% sales tax, a 20% tip on the pre-tax amount is $20, while a 20% tip on the post-tax total ($108) is $21.60.
Is tipping mandatory?
In most jurisdictions, tips are voluntary, though some restaurants add a mandatory service charge (called an automatic gratuity) for large parties — typically 6 or more guests. In France, a 15% service charge (service compris) is included in all restaurant bills by law. Where a service charge is already included, any additional tip is truly discretionary.
Do servers pay tax on tips?
In the United States, the IRS requires all employees to report tip income as taxable wages. Employees who receive $20 or more in tips per month are required to report those tips to their employer by the 10th of the following month. Employers withhold income tax, Social Security, and Medicare taxes on reported tips. In the United Kingdom, HMRC treats tips paid directly to employees as employment income subject to income tax and National Insurance.
参考文献
- Internal Revenue Service (IRS). Topic No. 761: Tips — withholding and reporting. irs.gov.
- HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). Tips, gratuities, service charges and troncs. hmrc.gov.uk.
- UK Government. National Minimum Wage and tips: employer guidance. gov.uk.
- Direction générale de la concurrence, de la consommation et de la répression des fraudes (DGCCRF). Service charge obligations for French restaurants (service compris). economie.gouv.fr.